His name is Dr. John Goodenough. He’s a tenured professor at the
University of Texas at Austin’s Cockrell School of Engineering. He’s 94
years old, and he’s a superstar in the field of electrical engineering
and battery technology.
His accomplishments are both numerous and far-reaching. He was a
significant player in the identification and development of the
lithium-ion rechargeable battery. He was also on the team that did the
research that led to the creation of random-access memory (RAM), a
crucial form of computer data storage.
But, he’s really done it this time. It looks like Dr. Goodenough has
surpassed even his own lofty standard. He’s come up with a rechargeable
battery that has up to three times as much energy density as a
lithium-ion battery. Furthermore, this battery would charge faster, stay
cooler, and cost less than its lithium-ion counterpart.
What’s So Special About This Battery Technology?
There are two major chemical differences between Goodenough’s new
battery technology and his old lithium-ion technology that account for
their disparate energy densities.
First, the new tech utilizes a solid glass electrolyte, rather than a
standard liquid electrolyte. Second, the new tech utilizes sodium ions,
rather than the standard lithium ions.
Glass electrolyte: What are the advantages of a solid glass electrolyte?
The electrolyte is the substance in a battery that produces an
electrically conducting solution. Without the electrolyte, there’d be no
ion flow, and therefore, no electricity. However, when a liquid
electrolyte battery is charged too quickly, it can create metal whiskers
or dendrites that short-circuit the whole reaction. This phenomenon
doesn’t occur in Goodenough’s glass electrolyte battery. A glass
electrolyte can also conduct at extreme temperatures (such as 0°
Fahrenheit), whereas a liquid electrolyte can’t.
Sodium ions: Another benefit of the glass electrolyte breakthrough is
that it’s allowed scientists to use sodium ions instead of lithium ions.
What’s the big deal about sodium ions? Well, sodium is a lot cheaper
than lithium. Since the outrageously high prices of electric vehicle
batteries is a big factor that’s preventing many drivers from making the
transition…well, you get the picture.
How Could This Battery Technology Improve Our Lives?
To paint the clearest picture of how Goodenough’s new battery
technology could significantly improve our quality of life, we’ll just
quote the man himself:
“Cost, safety, energy density, rates of charge and discharge, and cycle
life are critical for battery-driven cars to become more widely adopted.
We believe our discovery solves many of the problems that are inherent
in today’s batteries.”
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